The Samba AD DNS Back Ends

From SambaWiki

Which DNS backend should I choose?

You should choose the DNS backend based on the requirements of your network or existing DNS installations.

The internal DNS is a new implementation, that allows you to quickly and easily setup the DNS backend that is required for every AD installation. No further work is required to set it up. Currently it covers the important and required parts for AD.

If you already having BIND running, plan complex DNS setups or you require special functions (zone transfers only from defined hosts, etc.) that are currently not supported by the internal DNS, BIND should be the preferred backend.

Your choice of a DNS backend during provisioning/upgrading is not final. If you find that your choice doesn't fit your requirements, you can flip over and change the DNS backend.

Internal DNS

The internal DNS server is built into Samba and uses AD as backend. Also it is the default DNS solution when you provisioning/upgrading an Samba AD controller.


Configuration

If you chose the internal server as DNS backend for your environment, there are two options that can be added to your smb.conf to control the behavior of DNS at this point:

# Don't allow any updates | allow unsigned updates | only allow signed updates
allow dns updates = False | nonsecure | signed

# If recursive queries = yes is set, the following is also needed
dns forwarder = <ip addr of external dns server>


Limitations / Known issues

  • The internal server is not a caching resolver.
  • The samba_dnsupdate command produces warnings when used with signed updates. We're currenly investigating a fix for the warnings, but the updates actually succeed. Client systems like samba3 or Win7 work fine.
  • Currently, recursive queries are not possible without using a forwarder
  • Negative replies do not come with an authority record (not required by RFC, but Windows seems to like that)
  • Shared-key TSIG is not implemented
  • Stub zones are not implemented
  • Zone axfr is not allowed from internal samba DNS


Tests

Run during make test

TDB_NO_FSYNC=1 make test TESTS=samba.tests.dns

Run against external servers (Windows or BIND)

SERVER_IP=<dns server ip> SERVER=<dns server name> REALM=<dns server domain name part> PYTHONPATH=`pwd`/bin/python ./source4/scripting/bin/subunitrun samba.tests.dns



BIND DLZ plug-in (for BIND 9.8 and 9.9)

BIND can be setup to provide DNS resolving for zones managed in AD. They are accessable from BIND through the DLZ (dynamically loadable zones) plug-in. Please note that BIND server must run on the same machine Samba AD DC.


Installation / Setup

See the Bind as DNS backend HowTo for a detailed instruction.



Troubleshooting

Fix DNS dynamic updates with updated Samba versions

If you are running Samba 4.0.7 or later the bug https://bugzilla.samba.org/show_bug.cgi?id=9559 is already fixed. But if your samba was updated from old releases and it´s not a fresh installation you may have problems with dynamic DNS updates with Windows XP sp3 and Windows 7.

To fix the problem you need to follow this steps:

  • first of all, update your samba version if it is not the latest.
  • you may want to do a kinit to avoid samba-tool asking you for a password
kinit administrator

Search for all the registry entries that contain the broken records using:

samba-tool dns query SERVER DOMAIN @ ALL

You´ll find registries like this:

Name=WORKSTATION, Records=0, Children=0

For every registry entry found like the one above you´ll need to issue the following commands

/usr/local/samba/bin/samba-tool dns add SERVER DOMAIN WORKSTATION A IP -k yes
/usr/local/samba/bin/samba-tool dns delete SERVER DOMAIN WORKSTATION A IP -k yes

On windows workstations you can run

ipconfig /registerdns

And dynamic updates should work ok.



using ISC BIND backend with secured / signed dns updates

In the default configuration of Distrubuted ISC Bind in many Distributions you will find that the secured updates do not work with Samba 4. You will receive errors in /var/log/messages indicating update '<name of client>' denied i.e. This is because the rpm/deb/pkg has been compiled with the 'disable-isc-spnego' flag. In order to fix this you will need to recompile/rebuild the distribution rpm / deb / pkg .

common Bind9 Compile flags for BIND DLZ for bind 9.9

Samba4 and up require for BIND DLZ at least --with-dlz-ldap , --with-dlz-filesystem=yes,

Common used configure flags for BIND9.8.6 and up :

CONFIGURE_OPTIONS="\
...
--with-openssl \
--enable-threads \
--with-gssapi=yes \
--with-libtool \
--with-libxml2 \
--with-dlopen=yes \
--with-dlz-mysql \
--with-dlz-bdb \
--with-dlz-ldap \
--with-dlz-filesystem=yes \
--with-dlz-bdb=yes \
--enable-filter-aaaa \
--enable-rrl \
--with-ecdsa \
--enable-threads \
--with-idnlib='-L/usr/lib -R/usr/lib -lidn -lidn2' \
...

The parameters for "-L" "-R" can differ from Distribution needs.

RHEL / CENTOS / FC + clones - ReBuild Distrubuted ISC Bind RPM

First make sure you have your RPM build environment setup and then install the source rpm for bind. The instructions that follow are . For CENTOS 6.4 with 9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6_4.6 being the latest version at the time of writing:

 rpm -i http://vault.centos.org/6.4/updates/Source/SPackages/bind-9.8.2-0.17.rc1.el6_4.6.src.rpm

Then locate and edit SPEC file, if your rpm build directory is ~/rpmbuild then it will be ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/bind.spec

now locate and remove the line that reads

 --disable-isc-spnego

On the example rpm provided it is line 361

now recompile your rpm

 rpmbuild -bb ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/bind.spec

Once finished you should find the replacement rpms in the RPMS/{arch} path of your build root. Replace {arch} with the relevant architecture of your machine (e.g. x86_64 or i686). Install them over the top of your existing rpms and updates should all be working again. Remember if you update with yum it may replace your copy of bind so you will either want to exclude bind* in your yum configuration or use priorities and add these rpms to a local repository.


OpenSuSE using ISC BIND backend

In the default configuration of Bind in the OpenSuSE distribution you will find that the secured updates do not work with Samba 4.1 and up . In order to fix this you will need to recompile the https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/openSUSE:Factory/bind .

User:Remsnet Published  https://github.com/remsnet/OpenSuSE-Samba-DC/blob/master/bind-9.9.4-P1.spec
 with Build Instructions at https://github.com/remsnet/OpenSuSE-Samba-DC/blob/master/Samba4-DC-DLZ.Readme

RHEL/CENTOS/FC + clones - RPM Build New ISC Bind 9.9 / 9.10

Benjamin Kraft publish since years his at [1]  Bind9 Security Fixes Page.
Cleanly Patching Bind9 been allmost an task for experts ...
User:Remsnet Published https://github.com/remsnet/CentOS-Bind-DLZ SPEC File for that SRPMS for that to Build an Clean and updated Bind9  with DLZ .