Setting up RFC2307 in AD: Difference between revisions
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= Introduction = |
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= Server information used in this HowTo = |
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The use of [https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2307.txt RFC 2307] attributes allows the storage of Unix user and group information in an LDAP directory. In an Active Directory (AD) with Linux integration, this has several advantages: |
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Inside this HowTo, we will be using the following configuration/settings: |
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* Central administration of IDs in AD. |
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* Consistent IDs on all Linux domain members that use the Samba <code>idmap_ad</code> ID map back end. |
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* Fast configuration of attributes. |
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* No local ID mapping databases that can corrupt and lead to lose of file ownerships. |
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* Enable the administrator to set individual login shells and home directory paths for users. |
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* Login shell and home directory settings are the same on all domain members using Samba <code>idmap_ad</code> ID map back end and <code>winbind nss info = rfc2307</code> parameter. |
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* Easy management from Windows clients using the Active Directory Users and Computers (ADUC) Microsoft management console (MMC). For details, see [[Maintaining_Unix_Attributes_in_AD_using_ADUC|Maintaining Unix Attributes in AD using ADUC]]. |
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Netbios Name: DC1 |
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DC Name: DC1.samdom.example.com |
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Netbios/NIS Domain: samdom |
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Installation Directory: /usr/local/samba/ |
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On an AD DC there should only be the sysvol and netlogon shares, so the usage of unified RFC2307 id-mappings is not really important. If you want to enable RFC2307 ID mappings on the DC for whatever reason, you need to ensure that the <code>idmap_ldb:use rfc2307</code> parameter exists in the <code>[global]</code> section of your <code>smb.conf</code> file on the Samba DC and is set to <code>yes</code> : |
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Check if your smb.conf <u>on all your Domain Controllers</u> contain the following parameter in the „[global]“ section: |
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idmap_ldb:use rfc2307 = yes |
idmap_ldb:use rfc2307 = yes |
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{{Imbox |
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| type = note |
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| text = It is not recommended using RFC2307 mappings on the DC's. The default idmap ldb mechanism is fine for domain controllers and less error prone. |
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}} |
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Check if the „ypServ30“ container exists in your directory: |
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Verify that the <code>ypServ30</code> LDAP tree exists in your Active Directory (AD): |
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# ldbsearch -H /usr/local/samba/private/sam.ldb -s base -b \ |
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CN=ypservers,CN=ypServ30,CN=RpcServices,CN=System,DC=samdom,DC=example,DC=com cn |
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The output should be: |
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# record 1 |
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cn: ypservers |
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# returned 1 records |
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# 1 entries |
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# 0 referrals |
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If the <code>ldbsearch</code> command returns 1 record, the NIS Extensions are installed. |
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{{Imbox |
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= Configuring RFC2307 and NIS Extensions in a Samba AD = |
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| type = note |
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| text = The NIS Extensions are only required if you are going to use the ADUC Unix Attributes tabs to manage your users and groups. |
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}} |
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== During provisioning your first Domain Controller == |
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* Provision your domain with the „--use-rfc2307“ parameter: |
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:This automatically enables RFC2307 and installs the NIS Extensions. |
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== Provisioning a New Samba Active Directory with RFC2307 Enabled == |
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When you provision a new Samba AD forest, pass the <code>--use-rfc2307</code> to the <code>samba-tool domain provision</code> command to auto-install the NIS extensions. For example: |
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== On additional joined Domain Controllers == |
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For details, see [[Setting_up_Samba_as_an_Active_Directory_Domain_Controller#Provisioning_a_Samba_Active_Directory|Provisioning a Samba Active Directory]]. |
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This requires, that [[#Check_if_RFC2307_is_used_by_your_Domain_Controllers|your existing Domain Controllers are already using RFC2307]]! |
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Additionally, enable the the Samba RFC2307 module. For details, see [[#Enabling_the_RFC2307_Configuration_Parameter|Enabling the RFC2307 Configuration Parameter]]. |
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* Add the following to the „[global]“ section of your smb.conf, after you've joined the domain as a Domain Controller: |
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idmap_ldb:use rfc2307 = yes |
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* Restart Samba |
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=== Installing the NIS Extensions === |
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As mentioned in [[Idmap_config_ad|idmap config ad]], login shell and homedir are not fetched even if rfc2307 is used. You may customize these by using the <tt>template shell</tt> and <tt>template login</tt> configuration options in <tt>smb.conf</tt>. Beware that [https://git.samba.org/?p=samba.git;a=commitdiff;h=57228317fc2339b83cccf4b1f3515d8a3b435a3c before samba 4.2], you have to use <tt>%ACCOUNTNAME%</tt> and <tt>%WORKGROUP%</tt> instead of <tt>%U</tt> and <tt>%D</tt> placeholders. |
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Do not run this procedure if you provisioned your Active Directory (AD) with the <code>--use-rfc2307</code> parameter. For details, see [[#Provisioning_a_New_Samba_Active_Directory_with_RFC2307_Enabled|Provisioning a New Samba Active Directory with RFC2307 Enabled]]. |
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{{Imbox |
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| type = warning |
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| text = Updating the Schema can break your AD. Verify you have a working backup before updating the schema. |
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}} |
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To install the NIS extensions: |
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* Locate the domain controller (DC) with the <code>Schema Master</code> flexible single-master operations (FSMO) role: |
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'''This procedure [[Samba_AD_schema_extensions|extends your directory schema]]. This will effect your complete Active Directory Forest! Make sure that you have a re-storable [[Backup_and_restore_an_Samba_AD_DC|backup]] of your AD, in case anything fails or breaks your installation!''' |
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* If you have multiple Domain Controllers, locate the one owning the „Schema Master“ [[Flexible_Single-Master_Operations_(FSMO)_roles|role]] in your forest: |
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# samba-tool fsmo show | grep SchemaMasterRole |
# samba-tool fsmo show | grep SchemaMasterRole |
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SchemaMasterRole owner: CN=NTDS Settings,CN=DC1,CN=Servers,CN=Default-First-Site-Name,CN=Sites,CN=Configuration,DC=samdom,DC=example,DC=com |
SchemaMasterRole owner: CN=NTDS Settings,CN=DC1,CN=Servers,CN=Default-First-Site-Name,CN=Sites,CN=Configuration,DC=samdom,DC=example,DC=com |
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: |
: The output shows the name of the DC owning this role. Run all further steps on this DC. |
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* |
* Shut down the Samba service. |
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* Create a copy of |
* Create a copy of the <code>ypServ30.ldif</code> schema file. For example: |
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# cp /usr/local/samba/share/setup/ypServ30.ldif /tmp/ |
# cp /usr/local/samba/share/setup/ypServ30.ldif /tmp/ |
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* Replace the variables in |
* Replace the variables in copied LDIF file with the domain distinguished name (DN), NetBIOS name, and the NIS domain of your setup. For example: |
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:*${NETBIOSNAME}: <code>DC1</code> |
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:*${NISDOMAIN}: <code>samdom</code> |
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# sed -i -e 's/${DOMAINDN}/DC=samdom,DC=example,DC=com/g' \ |
# sed -i -e 's/${DOMAINDN}/<u>DC=samdom,DC=example,DC=com</u>/g' \ |
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-e 's/${NETBIOSNAME}/DC1/g' \ |
-e 's/${NETBIOSNAME}/<u>DC1</u>/g' \ |
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-e 's/${NISDOMAIN}/samdom/g' \ |
-e 's/${NISDOMAIN}/<u>samdom</u>/g' \ |
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/tmp/ypServ30.ldif |
/tmp/ypServ30.ldif |
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* Import the modified LDIF file to the local <code>/usr/local/samba/private/sam.ldb</code> Samba AD database: |
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* Import the schema: |
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# ldbmodify -H /usr/local/samba/private/sam.ldb /tmp/ypServ30.ldif --option="dsdb:schema update allowed"=true |
# ldbmodify -H /usr/local/samba/private/sam.ldb /tmp/ypServ30.ldif --option="dsdb:schema update allowed"=true |
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Modified 55 records successfully |
Modified 55 records successfully |
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* Start Samba. |
* Start the Samba service. |
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The AD replicates the updated schema to all DCs in the forest. |
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---- |
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* The directory replication pushes the new schema automatically to all Domain Controllers inside your forest. |
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[[Category:Active Directory]] |
Revision as of 16:53, 21 December 2020
Introduction
The use of RFC 2307 attributes allows the storage of Unix user and group information in an LDAP directory. In an Active Directory (AD) with Linux integration, this has several advantages:
- Central administration of IDs in AD.
- Consistent IDs on all Linux domain members that use the Samba
idmap_ad
ID map back end. - Fast configuration of attributes.
- No local ID mapping databases that can corrupt and lead to lose of file ownerships.
- Enable the administrator to set individual login shells and home directory paths for users.
- Login shell and home directory settings are the same on all domain members using Samba
idmap_ad
ID map back end andwinbind nss info = rfc2307
parameter. - Easy management from Windows clients using the Active Directory Users and Computers (ADUC) Microsoft management console (MMC). For details, see Maintaining Unix Attributes in AD using ADUC.
RFC2307 on AD Domain Controllers
On an AD DC there should only be the sysvol and netlogon shares, so the usage of unified RFC2307 id-mappings is not really important. If you want to enable RFC2307 ID mappings on the DC for whatever reason, you need to ensure that the idmap_ldb:use rfc2307
parameter exists in the [global]
section of your smb.conf
file on the Samba DC and is set to yes
:
idmap_ldb:use rfc2307 = yes
It is not recommended using RFC2307 mappings on the DC's. The default idmap ldb mechanism is fine for domain controllers and less error prone. |
Verifying That the NIS Extensions Are Installed in Active Directory
Verify that the ypServ30
LDAP tree exists in your Active Directory (AD):
# ldbsearch -H /usr/local/samba/private/sam.ldb -s base -b \ CN=ypservers,CN=ypServ30,CN=RpcServices,CN=System,DC=samdom,DC=example,DC=com cn
The output should be:
# record 1 dn: CN=ypservers,CN=ypServ30,CN=RpcServices,CN=System,DC=samdom,DC=example,DC=com cn: ypservers # returned 1 records # 1 entries # 0 referrals
If the ldbsearch
command returns 1 record, the NIS Extensions are installed.
The NIS Extensions are only required if you are going to use the ADUC Unix Attributes tabs to manage your users and groups. |
Provisioning a New Samba Active Directory with RFC2307 Enabled
When you provision a new Samba AD forest, pass the --use-rfc2307
to the samba-tool domain provision
command to auto-install the NIS extensions. For example:
# samba-tool domain provision --use-rfc2307 ...
For details, see Provisioning a Samba Active Directory.
Additionally, enable the the Samba RFC2307 module. For details, see Enabling the RFC2307 Configuration Parameter.
Installing the NIS Extensions
Do not run this procedure if you provisioned your Active Directory (AD) with the --use-rfc2307
parameter. For details, see Provisioning a New Samba Active Directory with RFC2307 Enabled.
Updating the Schema can break your AD. Verify you have a working backup before updating the schema. |
To install the NIS extensions:
- Locate the domain controller (DC) with the
Schema Master
flexible single-master operations (FSMO) role:
# samba-tool fsmo show | grep SchemaMasterRole SchemaMasterRole owner: CN=NTDS Settings,CN=DC1,CN=Servers,CN=Default-First-Site-Name,CN=Sites,CN=Configuration,DC=samdom,DC=example,DC=com
- The output shows the name of the DC owning this role. Run all further steps on this DC.
- Shut down the Samba service.
- Create a copy of the
ypServ30.ldif
schema file. For example:
# cp /usr/local/samba/share/setup/ypServ30.ldif /tmp/
- Replace the variables in copied LDIF file with the domain distinguished name (DN), NetBIOS name, and the NIS domain of your setup. For example:
- ${DOMAINDN}:
DC=samdom,DC=example,DC=com
- ${NETBIOSNAME}:
DC1
- ${NISDOMAIN}:
samdom
- ${DOMAINDN}:
# sed -i -e 's/${DOMAINDN}/DC=samdom,DC=example,DC=com/g' \ -e 's/${NETBIOSNAME}/DC1/g' \ -e 's/${NISDOMAIN}/samdom/g' \ /tmp/ypServ30.ldif
- Import the modified LDIF file to the local
/usr/local/samba/private/sam.ldb
Samba AD database:
# ldbmodify -H /usr/local/samba/private/sam.ldb /tmp/ypServ30.ldif --option="dsdb:schema update allowed"=true Modified 55 records successfully
- Start the Samba service.
The AD replicates the updated schema to all DCs in the forest.