Multiple Server Instances

Multiple Server Hosting

The use of multiple server hosting involves running multiple separate instances of Samba, each with it's own configuration file. This method is complicated by the fact that each instance of nmbd, smbd and winbindd must have write access to entirely separate TDB files. The ability to keep separate the TDB files used by nmbd, smbd and winbindd can be enabled either by recompiling Samba for each server hosted so each has its own default TDB directories, or by configuring these in the smb.conf file, in which case each instance of nmbd, smbd and winbindd must be told to start up with its own smb.conf configuration file.

Each instance should operate on its own IP address (that independent IP address can be an IP Alias). Each instance of nmbd, smbd and winbindd should listen only on its own IP socket. This can be secured using the socket address parameter. Each instance of the Samba server will have its own SID also, this means that the servers are discrete and independent of each other.

Conventions

• this document will use the configuration file method
• this document is RHEL centric for the interfaces and file locations
• the domain will be kansai
• the instances will be named nara and heian
• nara will listen on eth0:1
• heian will listen on eth0:2

Preparation

To have multiple instances of samba running, you will need to setup at least one virtual interface per samba instance. We will setup two persistant virtual interfaces right now.

cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
cat << EOF > ifcfg-eth0:1
DEVICE=eth0:1
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.255.255
HWADDR=00:08:02:91:2C:58
IPADDR=192.168.127.1
NETMASK=255.255.0.0
NETWORK=192.168.0.0
ONBOOT=yes
TYPE=Ethernet
EOF
cat << EOF > ifcfg-eth0:2
DEVICE=eth0:2
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.255.255
HWADDR=00:08:02:91:2C:58
IPADDR=192.168.127.2
NETMASK=255.255.0.0
NETWORK=192.168.0.0
ONBOOT=yes
TYPE=Ethernet
EOF

ifup eth0:1 
ifup eth0:2

cat << EOF >> /etc/hosts
192.168.127.1		nara.kansai	nara
192.168.127.2		heian.kansai	heian
EOF

You will also need one separate set of directories per instance for the samba private files (pids, databases, ...) and shares:

mkdir -p /var/run/samba/nara /var/run/samba/heian
mkdir -p /var/cache/samba/nara /var/cache/samba/heian
mkdir -p /var/log/samba/nara /var/log/samba/heian
mkdir -p /shares/nara/todaiji /shares/heian/jingu

Configuration files

Create two configuration files: /etc/samba/smb.conf.nara and /etc/samba/smb.conf.heian

cd /etc/samba

cat <<EOF >smb.conf.nara
[global]
        add share command          = /usr/bin/modify_samba_config.pl
        delete share command       = /usr/bin/modify_samba_config.pl
        socket options             = TCP_NODELAY IPTOS_LOWDELAY SO_RCVBUF=8576 SO_SNDBUF=8576
        change share command       = /usr/bin/modify_samba_config.pl
        workgroup                  = kansai
        security                   = user
        bind interfaces only       = yes
        interfaces                 = eth0:1
        netbios name               = nara
        pid directory              = /var/run/samba/nara
        lock directory             = /var/cache/samba/nara
        private dir                = /var/cache/samba/nara

[todaiji]
        path = /shares/nara/todaiji
EOF

cat <<EOF >smb.conf.heian
[global]
        add share command          = /usr/bin/modify_samba_config.pl
        delete share command       = /usr/bin/modify_samba_config.pl
        socket options             = TCP_NODELAY IPTOS_LOWDELAY SO_RCVBUF=8576 SO_SNDBUF=8576
        change share command       = /usr/bin/modify_samba_config.pl
        workgroup                  = kansai
        security                   = user
        bind interfaces only       = yes
        interfaces                 = eth0:2
        netbios name               = heian
        pid directory              = /var/run/samba/heian
        lock directory             = /var/cache/samba/heian
        private dir                = /var/cache/samba/heian

[jingu]
        path = /shares/heian/jingu
EOF

In /etc/sysconfig, create two files named samba.nara and samba.heian

cd /etc/sysconfig

cat <<EOF >samba.nara
# Options to smbd
SMBDOPTIONS="-D -s /etc/samba/smb.conf.nara -l /var/log/samba/nara"
# Options to nmbd
NMBDOPTIONS="-D -s /etc/samba/smb.conf.nara -l /var/log/samba/nara"
# Options for winbindd
WINBINDOPTIONS=""
EOF

cat <<EOF >samba.heian
# Options to smbd
SMBDOPTIONS="-D -s /etc/samba/smb.conf.heian -l /var/log/samba/heian"
# Options to nmbd
NMBDOPTIONS="-D -s /etc/samba/smb.conf.heian -l /var/log/samba/heian"
# Options for winbindd
WINBINDOPTIONS=""
EOF

Startup scripts

The default RHEL startup scripts have some issues that make them almost useless for the purpose of multiple servers. So we will use modified versions instead.

cat <<EOF > smb.nara
#!/bin/sh
#
# chkconfig: - 91 35
# description: Starts and stops the Samba smbd and nmbd daemons \
#              used to provide SMB network services.
#
# pidfile: /var/run/samba/nara/smbd.pid
# pidfile: /var/run/samba/nara/nmbd.pid
# config:  /etc/samba/smb.conf.nara


# Source function library.
if [ -f /etc/init.d/functions ] ; then
  . /etc/init.d/functions
elif [ -f /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions ] ; then
  . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
else
  exit 0
fi

# Avoid using root's TMPDIR
unset TMPDIR
 
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/samba.nara ]; then
   . /etc/sysconfig/samba.nara
fi

# Check that networking is up.
[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0

# Check that smb.conf exists.
[ -f /etc/samba/smb.conf.nara ] || exit 0

# Check that we can write to it... so non-root users stop here
[ -w /etc/samba/smb.conf.nara ] || exit 0


RETVAL=0


start() {
        KIND="SMB"
        echo -n $"Starting $KIND services: "
        daemon smbd $SMBDOPTIONS
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        KIND="NMB"
        echo -n $"Starting $KIND services: "
        daemon nmbd $NMBDOPTIONS
        RETVAL2=$?
        echo
        [ $RETVAL -eq 0 -a $RETVAL2 -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/smb.nara || \
          RETVAL=1
        return $RETVAL
}

stop() {
        KIND="SMB"
        echo -n $"Shutting down $KIND services: "
        kill `cat /var/run/samba/nara/smbd.pid`
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        KIND="NMB"
        echo -n $"Shutting down $KIND services: "
        kill `cat /var/run/samba/nara/nmbd.pid`
        RETVAL2=$?
        [ $RETVAL -eq 0 -a $RETVAL2 -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/smb.nara
        echo ""
        return $RETVAL
}

restart() {
        stop
        start
}

reload() {
        echo -n $"Reloading smb.conf file: "
        kill -HUP `cat /var/run/samba/nara/smbd.pid`
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        return $RETVAL
} 

rhstatus() {
        status smbd
        status nmbd
}

case "$1" in
  start)
        start
        ;;
  stop)
        stop
        ;;
  restart)
        restart
        ;;
  reload)
        reload
        ;;
  status)
        rhstatus
        ;;
  condrestart)
        [ -f /var/lock/subsys/smb.nara ] && restart || :
        ;;
  *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|status|condrestart}"
        exit 1
esac

exit $?
EOF

cat <<EOF >smb.heian
#!/bin/sh
#
# chkconfig: - 91 35
# description: Starts and stops the Samba smbd and nmbd daemons \
#              used to provide SMB network services.
#
# pidfile: /var/run/samba/heian/smbd.pid
# pidfile: /var/run/samba/heian/nmbd.pid
# config:  /etc/samba/smb.conf.heian


# Source function library.
if [ -f /etc/init.d/functions ] ; then
  . /etc/init.d/functions
elif [ -f /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions ] ; then
  . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
else
  exit 0
fi

# Avoid using root's TMPDIR
unset TMPDIR

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/samba.heian ]; then
   . /etc/sysconfig/samba.heian
fi

# Check that networking is up.
[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0

# Check that smb.conf exists.
[ -f /etc/samba/smb.conf.heian ] || exit 0

# Check that we can write to it... so non-root users stop here
[ -w /etc/samba/smb.conf.heian ] || exit 0


RETVAL=0


start() {
        KIND="SMB"
        echo -n $"Starting $KIND services: "
        daemon smbd $SMBDOPTIONS
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        KIND="NMB"
        echo -n $"Starting $KIND services: "
        daemon nmbd $NMBDOPTIONS
        RETVAL2=$?
        echo
        [ $RETVAL -eq 0 -a $RETVAL2 -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/smb || \
           RETVAL=1
        return $RETVAL
}

stop() {
        KIND="SMB"
        echo -n $"Shutting down $KIND services: "
        kill `cat /var/run/samba/heian/smbd.pid`
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        KIND="NMB"
        echo -n $"Shutting down $KIND services: "
        kill `cat /var/run/samba/heian/nmbd.pid`
        RETVAL2=$?
        [ $RETVAL -eq 0 -a $RETVAL2 -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/smb.heian
        echo ""
        return $RETVAL
}


restart() {
        stop
        start
}

reload() {
        echo -n $"Reloading smb.conf file: "
        kill -HUP `cat /var/run/samba/heian/smbd.pid`
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        return $RETVAL
}

rhstatus() {
        status smbd
        status nmbd
}

case "$1" in
  start)
        start
        ;;
  stop)
        stop
        ;;
  restart)
        restart
       ;;
  reload)
        reload
        ;;
  status)
        rhstatus
        ;;
  condrestart)
        [ -f /var/lock/subsys/smb.heian ] && restart || :
        ;;
  *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|status|condrestart}"
        exit 1
esac

exit $?
EOF

Testing

stop and disable the default samba, start the instances

root@naniwa: # service smb stop
Shutting down smb:                                         [  OK  ]

root@naniwa: # chkconfig smb off 

root@naniwa: # chkconfig --list smb
smb             0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off    4:off   5:off   6:off

root@naniwa: # service smb.nara start
Starting SMB:                                              [  OK  ]
Starting NMB:                                              [  OK  ]

root@naniwa: # service smb.heian start
Starting SMB:                                              [  OK  ]
Starting NMB:                                              [  OK  ]

enumerate the shares on each instance

root@naniwa: # smbclient -L nara -k
Domain=[kansai] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5]

       Sharename       Type      Comment
       ---------       ----      -------
       todaiji       	Disk
       IPC$            IPC       IPC Service (Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5)
       ADMIN$          IPC       IPC Service (Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5)
Domain=[kansai] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5]

       Server               Comment
       ---------            -------
       nara                 Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5

       Workgroup            Master
       ---------            -------
       kansai

root@naniwa: # smbclient -L heian -k
Domain=[kansai] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5]

       Sharename       Type      Comment
       ---------       ----      -------
       jingu       	Disk
       IPC$            IPC       IPC Service (Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5)
       ADMIN$          IPC       IPC Service (Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5)
Domain=[kansai] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5]

       Server               Comment
       ---------            -------
       heian                Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5
 
       Workgroup            Master
       ---------            -------
       kansai

Play with instances and test connectivity

root@naniwa: # service smb.nara stop
Shutting down SMB services:
Shutting down NMB services:

root@naniwa: # smbclient -L nara -k
Error connecting to 192.168.127.1 (Connection refused)
Connection to nara failed

root@naniwa: # smbclient -L heian -k
Domain=[kansai] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5]

       Sharename       Type      Comment
       ---------       ----      -------
       jingu       	Disk
       IPC$            IPC       IPC Service (Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5)
       ADMIN$          IPC       IPC Service (Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5)
Domain=[kansai] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5]

       Server               Comment
       ---------            -------
       heian                Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5

       Workgroup            Master
       ---------            -------
       kansai               

root@naniwa: # service smb.nara start
Starting SMB services:                                     [  OK  ]
Starting NMB services:                                     [  OK  ]
 
root@naniwa: # service smb.heian stop
Shutting down SMB services:
Shutting down NMB services:

root@naniwa: # smbclient -L nara -U%
Domain=[kansai] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5]

       Sharename       Type      Comment
       ---------       ----      -------
       todaiji       	Disk
       IPC$            IPC       IPC Service (Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5)
       ADMIN$          IPC       IPC Service (Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5)
Domain=[kansai] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5]

       Server               Comment
       ---------            -------
       nara                 Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5

       Workgroup            Master
       ---------            -------
       kansai

root@naniwa: # smbclient -L heian -U%
Error connecting to 192.168.127.2 (Connection refused)
Connection to heian failed
root@naniwa: # service smb.heian start
root@naniwa: # smbclient -L heian -k
Domain=[kansai] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5]

       Sharename       Type      Comment
       ---------       ----      -------
       todaiji       	Disk
       IPC$            IPC       IPC Service (Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5)
       ADMIN$          IPC       IPC Service (Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5)
Domain=[kansai] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5]

       Server               Comment
       ---------            -------
       heian                Samba 3.0.9-1.3E.5

       Workgroup            Master
       ---------            -------
       kansai                   

Wrapup

As you can see, you now have two totally independent instances of samba running on the same host.

Mpetre 13:40, 14 March 2006 (CST)